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F stop chart12/16/2023 ![]() Image reproduced with NiSi’s permission.Įveryone has a mobile phone, therefore photography applications are getting popular these days. Exposure Calculator Applications An exposure calculator app. Fujifilm GFX 50R, Canon EF 11-24mm NiSi 10-stop ND filter. First check the base shutter speed (without filter) in the first row, then go all the way down to the intersection with the column of ND filter, and this is your final shutter speed.įor example, the shutter speed without a filter is ¼ seconds, and if you are going to use a 10-stop ND filter, go down to the intersection with the 10-stop and you will find 256 seconds as your final shutter speed. This is a useful table in which you can find the appropriate shutter speed by choosing the base shutter speed and the strength of the ND filter used. You can use the table above or compile your own exposure calculation table based on the formula in the above section (or download the chart online by simply searching “long exposure calculation table” or “long exposure calculation chart”). Exposure Calculation Table Exposure calculation table. Fujifilm GFX 50R, Fujifilm GF 100-200mm NiSi 6-stop ND filter. To make the calculation fast and easy for a 10-stop ND filter in the field, you can adjust the aperture and ISO setting to make the base shutter speed an easy number, say 1/10 seconds (1/10 x 1000 = 100 seconds for 10-stop ND) or 1/20 seconds (1/20 x 1000 = 50 seconds for 10-stop ND), to speed up the mental calculation. Similarly, to simplify the calculation, we assume that 2 6 is equal to 60 instead of 64.Īs for a 6-stop ND filter, you may need to calculate the exposure time under low-light conditions when the camera metering is no longer capable of estimating the shutter speed (especially if it is over 30 seconds for most cameras).Ħ-stop ND: Final shutter speed = Base shutter speed x 60ġ0-stop ND: Final shutter speed = Base shutter speed x 1000 To simplify the calculation, we always assume that 2 10 is equal to 1000 instead of 1024 since the difference is negligibly small.įor a 6-stop ND filter, if the base shutter speed (without filter) is 2 seconds, with the use of a 6-stop ND filter, the exposure time becomes 2 x 2 6 = 2 x 60 = 120 seconds. Sometimes simple math will do the job very well! Here’s the formula to calculate final shutter speed:įinal shutter speed = Base shutter speed x 2 nįor a 10-stop ND filter, if the base shutter speed (without filter) is ¼ seconds, with the use of 10-stop ND filter, the exposure time becomes ¼ x 2 10 = ¼ x 1000 = 250 seconds. Canon 5D Mark IV, Canon 11-24mm, NiSi 10-stop ND filters. by decreasing the exposure time during sunrise and increasing the exposure time during sunset accordingly. This should be taken into consideration in order to get the correct exposure during these times of the day, i.e. During sunset, the light is getting dimmer, and there might be a risk of getting an under-exposed image. This is quite noticeable when you are making extremely long exposure, say 5 minutes or longer.ĭuring sunrise, the light is getting brighter, and there might be a risk of getting an over-exposed image. Here, a tripod or an effective image stabilization system can help.A very important consideration when doing long exposure photography is the change of light, especially during sunrise and sunset when the light changes very quickly over a short period of time. These apertures are also harder to use when hand-holding a camera, as the smaller the aperture the longer the shutter speed you need – and at some point you simply won't be able to hold it steady enough to produce a sharp image. Small apertures, meanwhile, can make an effect known as diffraction more prominent, which also has a softening effect on images. Particularly wide apertures can also be tricky to use in bright conditions, as your camera may not be able to use a fast enough shutter speed to keep everything exposed correctly, which leads to overexposed images. Wide apertures are great for isolating subjects from their backgrounds, but images can be softer at these settings due to an effect known as spherical aberration. ![]() There are issues with using both very small and very wide apertures, so you need to judge this from scene to scene to understand which setting is most appropriate. Read more: Cheat sheet: How to read a histogram (opens in new tab) Depth of field does, however, also depend on other factors, such as where you focus in the scene. Depth of field concerns the extent to which different areas in the scene are rendered in focus, and a photographer will typically use a medium or small aperture to achieve more definition throughout. Whichever mode you use, changing aperture has an effect on depth of field. ![]() ![]() Opening up, meanwhile, means doing the opposite. Ever hear these terms? Stopping down the lens or aperture simply means to make the aperture smaller, such as from f/8 to f/11.
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